Selasa, 12 November 2013

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Download , by Helen Thomson

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, by Helen Thomson

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File Size: 1035 KB

Print Length: 278 pages

Publisher: Ecco (June 26, 2018)

Publication Date: June 26, 2018

Language: English

ASIN: B072C7R3HC

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Unthinkable is the rare work which can combine reading pleasure with genuine insight. It has its faults, or at least shortcomings which result from the genre, but it still worth spending an evening reading the book cover to cover.Helen Thomson is a journalist with a degree in neuroscience. As such she chooses to revive the conceit of Oliver Sacks by describing the life of people who have unusual brains which either give them abilities or disabilities compared to most of humanity. Unlike Sacks, Thomson chooses to describe these people mostly in an outpatient setting—to allow the reader to see them as persons and not as mental patients or as spectacles for a circus.We thus encounter a man who remembers every detail of his life, a man who sees color auras around people and a doctor who literally feels the pain of his patients. All make for fascinating case studies on their own. But Thomas takes the cases further by summarizing what neuroscientists know about the origin of these conditions.There is a theme in the work that these people are only extreme cases of capabilities of all human beings. As such, Thomson tends to shun the idea that these people have identified mental illnesses and instead view them as simply differently abled individuals. I have no training in psychology but tend to think there is something useful in labeling what is a healthy human mind and what are clearly aberrations.I also couldn’t help but think that many of the chapters read like the extended articles frequently appearing these days in periodicals or the internet. I would have preferred more substance and less anecdote but individual readers’ tastes may differ.Even so, I thoroughly enjoyed reading this book and learned something about how the brain works as well. Strongly recommend this book to non-experts in neuroscience who want a work with a captivating style which also teaches some basic facts about the marvelous work of nature that is the human brain.

It's difficult to balance science and narrative. I've read a lot of books where the author would just regurgitate their facts and findings, making for a very dull read. This is not a dull read in any way. Each life is described so well, it feels like you're right there with the people. The science of each affliction is blended so neatly into the narrative that you learn naturally. I would reccomend this books for anyone interested in the human brain and consciousness.

While the author cites Oliver Sacks as a primary influence, I was reminded more strongly of VS Ramachandran (what I remember, anyway, I read the book in 2001). The prose isn't as lyrical, which isn't a wholly bad thing. Thomson blends case studies with a direct look at the underlying neuroscience, slightly simplified for the benefit of people outside the field. It's been some time since I was in it myself, and I was totally comfortable with the language she used. If anything, I would've liked more technical depth, but that's my standard complaint for any pop sci book.At any rate, because of things like ethics, naturally occurring disorders are one of the main ways through which we specifically understand human brain function, so it's always worth perusing case studies. I didn't find this to be personal to the point of salaciousness or technical to the point of being like a textbook, so it's a decent in-between.

Peculiarities within our brains sometimes lay undiscovered, such as when we experience different qualia. We tend to focus on much more obvious and exceptional manifestations of abnormal behavior as these capture our attention and elicit greater interest. This book explores these more exotic instances of brain behavior and examines possible etiologies.I used to believe that the way I perceive color was incorrect as I tend to see color somewhat differently than others. I no longer believe this. The author explains that each of us naturally interprets sensory experience differently and, not necessarily, incorrectly; just more personally due to our individual wiring. I found myself imagining what would be considered normal if the majority of us were synesthetes.The author sometimes retraces familiar territory but, as it adds necessary context needed to further develop her analysis, it is understandable.“I feel your pain” is taken to a whole new level as we enter the mind of a true empath. Visiting the walking dead is a little creepy but apparently a real condition. Hallucinations, jumping lumberjacks, and “shapeshifters” (my term, not the author’s) are a few of the other characters you will meet in this interesting, entertaining, and, yes, troubling foray into our inner world of mind boggling perplexities.If you enjoy and appreciate looking into the strange and even macabre underpinnings of our neurological quirks, and would like to see how others spin our current take on reality, this would be a good choice.

So well written and engaging, this book opens your eyes to the wonder of the human brain and how different people can "see" things so differently. My husband said that it explained why he hates doing l concentration games with the little ones...he has no mental map to call upon to find the matching cards! Yet, he never gets lost in the woods....Very interesting and not overly technical, very enjoyable.

The author meets and describes individuals from different countries with what appear to be strange psychiatric conditions. She bonds with them, and then consults with neurologists to provide a medical perspective. Her aim is not to present a catalog of curiosities for us to wonder at, but rather to reveal the commonalities we share with her subjects because of our wondrous brains.

The book had some interesting case studies, but no overall message emerges.

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Senin, 11 November 2013

Posted by alialbanjaylynfabien on November 11, 2013 in | No comments

Free Ebook , by Walt Whitman M.F.A. Kevin Kelly

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, by Walt Whitman M.F.A. Kevin Kelly

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File Size: 1262 KB

Print Length: 492 pages

Publisher: Race Point Publishing (March 6, 2018)

Publication Date: March 6, 2018

Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC

Language: English

ASIN: B07BLRWSDL

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#103,467 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)

I am very happy that inexpensive versions of Leaves of Grass are available again. I have purchased eight different versions to compare. Many are very poorly put together - almost like scanned versions simply plopped into a word processor and uploaded to Amazon - and selling for $10 - $1. What I find most fascinating is this one - by Martino Fine Books (listed as Leaves of Grass ; {exact Facsimile of the 1855 Edition] - it is very fine, and is an exact facsimile. I love holding it and looking at it as close to the original 1855 edition as humanly possible. The only caveat is the cover - which features the older Walt, who had published six more versions by the time the cover photo was taken. No matter, the inside is what's important. Another one I bought that I recommend is from cholla needles press (listed as Leaves of Grass: 1855) - they use a facsimile of the original cover, and have made the choice to clean up the line breaks for readability purposes. The cholla edition is easy to sit down and read, the martino edition is beautiful to look at. The good news is I bought them both for less than $10 and find that reasonable enough to give them both to friends and relatives as gifts this year.

Kindle Buyer Beware! If you think you are buying the Library of America edition (which links to this Kindle version on the Amazon page) you are not. This is a completely different version. If you are looking, specifically, for the First Edition (1855) of Leaves of Grass - which is given prominence of place in the Library of America edition -- you will not find it here. As for the rest of the material, it may well be fine but it is NOT the Library of America -- a series renowned for its editorial care. It is, in fact, published by Heritage Illustrated Publishing from materials in the public domain. No essay by Justin Kaplan, no page numbers, and notably ugly typesetting. There are better Kindle general editions of Whitman's poetry for less (Bantam Classics, for instance). Amazon misleads its customers by putting this generic edition on the same page as the scholar-worthy Library version of which it claims to be a reproduction.

This review is only for the Wisehouse Classics edition. There are a number of typographical errors within the book. For instance, the word "of" is exchanged for the word "or" a number of times in "Song of Myself," altering the meaning of certain lines significantly.It's extremely unfortunate that Amazon has combined the reviews for so many different editions of this and other books. While they may sell more books, it makes it very difficult for customers to find a good edition to buy, and it makes me much less likely to buy from Amazon in the future.

I am torn on my reaction to Whitman's magnum opus-- its themes and words will remain unforgettable, but boy how I hated reading this plodding rambling slog of a book.Whitman's poems catalog his transcendentalism-inspired view of... everything. From scenes across the world, with particular focus on America, to anecdotes of dying soldiers and copulating couples, Whitman emphasizes the interconnectedness of humanity and nature.While Whitman's enthusiasm is infectious, he lacks brevity. He repeats his philosophy like a club over the head. The final product could've been cut in half and still have gotten across the message.But darn if there aren't moments of beauty. Particularly in the later poems which were added in his later years, Whitman tempers his enthusiasm with more brief, succinct, thoughtful, and hopeful words in the face of impending death. And I think that is the best occasion for Whitman's leaves: when one needs comfort that there is indestructible purpose and beauty in every human's life.

Except for school and college, classical poetry is dead. Poetry mutated into pop lyrics and is the teritory of the pop star or rapper. Nobel prize for literature goes to Bob Dylan, testifying to this metamorphosis. Reading classical poetry not for a credit or a paper is weird. Writing poetry review is even weirder. And writing a review of an indisputable genius, is much much weirder! In a way, reviewing Whitman is a bit like reviewing the Bible. What can one say about the American national icon? All that said, here it is...It is the first time that I read most of the Leaves Of Grass and not just the few chosen poems, or even just a few lines. And I must admit that I get rather tired reading very long poems, or poem cycles, so I do skip a few pages here and there. Moreover, the ever repeated paeans to America the Great or The States as a light unto nations strike to day as corny and pretentious. And lets not forget the language - antiquated, often odd syntax, words long out of circulation. And yet, counting everything in, FIVE STARS galore!!! What is amazing about Whitman is his tireless energy, zest for life, and above all, his inveterate optimism. This is a man born not long after the War of Independence and saw the terrible ravages of the Civil War (1.4 million dead out of 70 million population! WWI, WWII, Korea and Vietnam seem like games compared to that carnage), saw slavery, saw the Indian genocide, saw toil, hunger, sickness, and yet happily sung the glories of the Body Electric and heard America Singing. Whitman loved everybody - men, women, young, old, white, black, healthy, sick, good or evil, cities, bridges, plants, animals, stars. Some of his enthusiasm is way not PC in our present age - praising the soldier, the hunter, the butcher, the conquerer (ergo the rapist) of nature. In my opinion, Whitman is a giant and a giant he will remain in spite of the PC hordes.

This is the one to buy when you want everything Walt Whitman had published as "Leaves of Grass." So many versions -- including, I'm sorry to say, the expensive leather-clad "heirloom" editions -- leave out the homoerotic 'Calamus' book and so many other instances of sexuality that they emerge less than half the full page count.

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Selasa, 05 November 2013

Posted by alialbanjaylynfabien on November 05, 2013 in | No comments

PDF Download Consciousness and the Brain: Deciphering How the Brain Codes Our Thoughts

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Listening Length: 11 hours and 17 minutes

Program Type: Audiobook

Version: Unabridged

Publisher: Tantor Audio

Audible.com Release Date: January 30, 2014

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As a physician and Stanford researcher (initially in artificial intelligence and currently in cognitive neuroscience), I have been interested in consciousness research for 50 years. How does the brain create consciousness? And, if this is "simply" a story of billions of spiking neurons talking to one another, can it be done in silicon? (If so, this may occasion a profound turning point in human history.)I have followed Professor Stan Dehaene's prestigious journal publications for a decade as he has amassed a wealth of evidence supporting the view that consciousness is 1) experimentally accessible, 2) has reliable neural correlates (signatures), and 3) is functionally important . Dehaene (a professor at the College de France in Paris and director of the INSERM Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit) is one of the world's leading scholars of consciousness. Fortunately for us, his literary agent, John Brockman (of "Edge" fame) persuaded him to write this popular work.That Dehaene writes this well in English makes me wonder how spectacularly he must write in his native French. We are not only transported to the cutting edge of research on consciousness, but the voyage is a thrill. As expected, Dehaene is thoroughly steeped in the history of consciousness from Plato, through Descartes, Hume, and the Continental philosophers. His writing is also filled with references to French art, literature, and humanism (like serotonin molecules, that culture seems to have diffused from the Louvre down the Boulevard Saint-Michel and become bound in this book.)Right from the start (see the beautiful, free Introduction on Amazon) he reminds us that it all began in the caves at Lascaux with the depiction of a dreamer's soul wafting about like a sparrow. Deftly weaving ancient Egyptian mythology with the Upanishads, he transitions to Descartes and his alleged "Error." Rightfully defending his countryman, Dehaene takes contemporary pop-neurosci to task. Descartes was no dualist (body + immaterial soul) blinded by religion. Rather, he was genuinely grappling with the central problem of this book and the field. How does conscious perception, reflection, and deliberation emanate from a machine?In seven chapters, Dehaene carefully steps us through all the evidence (from his large Paris group and the world's other top labs) of the brain's signatures of consciousness.How can one even study consciousness in the lab? (Chapter 1) The key innovation was the discovery and exploitation of "minimal contrast" phenomena. When presented just too faintly, too rapidly. or when masked they are completely invisible. But, increase the intensity, duration, or remove the mask and there they are, plain as day. I'll list these, but do yourself a favor and go to YouTube to see them for yourself: motion-induced blindness, change blindness, attentional blink, binocular rivalry, multistable perception. Now you see it; now you don't. (Also, go to Charlie Rose's website and look at the episode on consciousness in which Nobelist Eric Kandel interviews Dehaene and other stars of this field.)We are obviously conscious, but is there any neural processing of which we are NOT conscious?(Chapter 2) Yes, most of it! Non-conscious and pre-conscious processing is ubiquitous, functional, and essential. He reviews fascinating experiments that reveal the pervasive and essential role of non-conscious processing in language, vision, hearing, and action. Consciousness is the tip of the iceberg.Perhaps consciousness is epiphenomenal (a non-functional add-on, like the roar of a jet plane). In Chapter 3 he dismisses that old, profoundly counter-intuitive proposition. His argument here is reminiscent of Kahneman's Thinking Fast and Slow. Fast (nonconscious) thought is fine for practiced, routine, reflexive speech and action. But thinking and action marked by careful deliberation and planning requires consciousness: the ability to maintain a percept in working memory and mull it over.Chapter 4 displays the core findings of the experimental work: the neural signatures of consciousness. These are what Nobelist Francis Crick and collaborator Christof Koch called the neural correlates of consciousness. (See Koch's excellent work "The Quest for Consciousness") Even invisible, unseen (subliminal) stimuli excite chains of neural firing but only in primary sensory areas. However, when a stimulus crosses the threshold into consciousness, the neural firing is strongly amplified in intensity and distribution as many brain regions ignite and communicate especially prefrontal, parietal, and anterior temporal areas.In Chapter 5 he describes a tentative theory that accounts for the experimental findings: the global neuronal workspace theory. I'm old enough to recall the origin of this theory as the blackboard model from 1970s AI research sponsored by DARPA that led to the then famous Hearsay-II speech understanding system from CMU. In an interesting quirk of history, this excellent work was dragged into oblivion by the AI Winter of the 1980s. But, the theory itself became resurrected as a theory of consciousness by psychologist Bernard Baars. (See Baars' 1988 A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness). With the 1990 advent of fMRI, this theory became ripe for experimental verification. Entrez Professeur Dehaene. Not only can he explain the lab details from Chapter 4, he has also built a computer simulation of a spiking neural network that exhibits the same behavior.As you may know, Europe has just embarked on a ten year 1.5 billion dollar project to simulate the human brain. While this project may seem to be irrationally ambitious, I am comforted in knowing that Dehaene is one of the scientists at the helm.Chapter 6 deals with the crucial topic of coma and vegetative states. It opens poignantly with the case of Jean-Dominique Bauby, the Editor of Elle, who had a brain stem stroke, and though entirely paralyzed (save for one eye), wrote an entire book "The Diving Bell and The Butterfly" by blinking that eye. EEG, MEG, and fMRI signatures of consciousness may in the future help us to decide which coma patients are conscious and which are not.He closes in Chapter 7 with the future: tests for animal consciousness and machine consciousness. While machine consciousness may someday be possible, it will not happen soon. Nonetheless, this work paves the way to it by showing the functional properties of the only system that we know is conscious: ourselves.Although I've read widely on this topic (and cover AI and Stanford neuroscience on my website: bobblum) , there was much here that was new to me. This is an outstanding work on the basis of both scientific and literary merit.

I've read many books on consciousness but none that so satisfyingly summarizes the recent experimental research. Though his native language is French, Dehaene writes brilliant and lucid English--no wonder he cites Nabokov so often! The topic is a tough one for a nonprofessional like myself, but the author patiently takes us through the various ways consciousness can be detected and how, through various instruments, we can see the signs of its operation. There's an unusual warmth to the writing as well--Dehaene must be a remarkable individual. All in all, this is a splendid example of clear exposition. My only disappointment came at the very end where I thought Dehaene rushed his argument a bit and exaggerated the prospects of our being able to model human consciousness in machines. I thought he needed to consider David Chalmers' idea of "qualia" more carefully. I also wish he'd have paid just a little attention to Henri Bergson's too-easily dismissed theories and John Searle's more recent work on perception. But perhaps such matters will be covered in the next book, which I eagerly await.

An extremely interesting book for those interested in the field.One Caveat, though. I've learned about the subject from various neuro-researchers: Michael Gazzaniga, Giulio Tononi, Susan Greenfield, Mark Solms, Zvi Rappaport, or Antonio Damasio. All of them are very knowledgeable, and I've learned a lot from all of them as well as from Stanislass Dehaene's book I'm reviewing here. The amazing thing is that even though many of them draw a clear picture, there is very little overlap.This makes each of the sources even more interesting, but it also shows that the topic has not yet been matured. Dehaene's book concentrates on the pattern of information processes, and about what happens at the stage where some of the information (after being well digested by the brain) comes to our conscious awareness. The problem is that at this stage, there is so much activity, that it is very hard to pinpoint what is the result of things becoming to our conscious awareness, or what just accompanies it.

It is wonderful to find a book that has taken consciousness from a philosophical subject, approachable mostly by way of metaphor, to the scientific, experimental level.Mr. Dehaene begins, as is often necessary in science, by defining the term consciousness in a clear and unambiguous manner that delineates it from other related and often conflated terms such as awareness and attention.But the majority of this book concerns data taken from nuts-and-bolts experiments in the lab, many using brain-imaging equipment, that give information about actual brain processes that occur during consciousness and how they differ from those of unconscious processing. And sometimes startling insights about the evolution of consciousness and the reasons it may have developed.Four "signatures" of consciousness were identified from this experimental data, and using these signatures, a theory of consciousness was developed and also a practical method for determining the actual state of animals, babies, or patients who have suffered brain trauma or paralysis and are not able to communicate directly with people.This is cutting-edge, ground-floor science, and I am thankful to live in an era where I can access this knowledge. It is in the nature of science that new experiments and findings on the nature of consciousness will doubtless now occur rapidly, but this is the finest book on consciousness I have read thus far.

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PDF Download , by Doreen Lenz Holte

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File Size: 1631 KB

Print Length: 141 pages

Simultaneous Device Usage: Unlimited

Publisher: Holte; 2 edition (July 13, 2011)

Publication Date: July 13, 2011

Sold by: Amazon Digital Services LLC

Language: English

ASIN: B006WCA77G

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Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#919,033 Paid in Kindle Store (See Top 100 Paid in Kindle Store)

We had just taken our son for a speech therapy assessment and the therapists sat me down to talk to me about my son's stuttering and sounds. One told me his issues were genetic and the incorrect pronunciations stem from the parents. Sitting there, I suddenly felt "under the microscope". It was as if I was now unable to speak because I was being analyzed...my speech, my fluency, my language. It felt paralyzing. Though I was commended for my excellent speaking abilities both professionally and personally, I sat there stuttering, messing up words. At that moment, it occurred to me that this was how my son would be made to feel in speech. I sought out a support group thinking perhaps I'd be doing him a dis-service by not pursuing help. When I found one, it was truly the luckiest find! Dori lead me to her book! I feel that it saved my son from speech therapy and from the added anxiety of it and from increased speech challenges as a result!

This book is an important contribution to the literature on stuttering. I've read dozens and dozens of books on the nature and treatment of stuttering, and I place this one in my top three "most valuable." I'm very happy to learn that someone has finally had the courage to say what Holte says, standing up to the “professionals” and their “evidence” and their arrogance. I agree with her ideas because they resonate very deeply with my own experiences with bad (I might even label it “abusive”) speech therapy. I recognized myself in her son. “Can speech therapy for children who stutter lead to a far greater handicap than the stuttering itself?” You bet. It can do so by adding layers of guilt and shame and hyper-awareness on top of the stuttering, which leads to even more problems: more severe stuttering and a lifestyle of disengagement and avoidance. I would go further and add that this happens not just with children but with adolescents and adults as well.But, the good news is that not all therapy is the bad version that she highlights; certain SLPs are listening to people like Holte and modifying their views and therapy approaches. But they are still few in number and the condition of therapy for stuttering (even among the “experts”) is still appalling and embarrassing. I applaud books like this for helping to reform it.

This change our lives. My son is so much happier and now converses freely. The book changed our attitude. Even though we already ticked all the boxes of standard approach to talking with a preschooler who stutters, this book made us accept his voice for what it was, relax about it and just give him, time, space and freedom to learn his voice.I cannot recommend this highly enough.

LOVED LOVED LOVED this book by Doreen Lenz Holte! In fact, I could barely put the book down. I've been an SLP in the public school system since 1990, and for the first 15 years of my career I tried hard to teach students the strategies that I was taught at the university. I don't think I've ever been able to help a student using fluency-enhancing or stuttering-modification therapy. (Some young students did experience spontaneous recovery, despite the therapy they were subjected to). About 5 years ago, I stopped using those strategies and worked more on just being an advocate and safe place for my students to talk. Like Doreen, I too felt that we SLPs were causing our students to stutter more severely. It was tremendously validating to hear the same beliefs from a parent of a child who stutters, and a person who had also researched fluency therapy.

Glad I read this as I embark in a career as a speech-language therapist... and a parent of a CWS.

I literally absorbed this book and it provided a needed paradigm shift in the way I thought about my grandson's stuttering. This is a must read for anyone who has a child or grandchild or a loved one who stutters.

A must for every parent of a child who stutters.

Powerful story and tool for teaching SLPs to better clinicians.

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Posted by alialbanjaylynfabien on November 03, 2013 in | No comments

Download Economics: Making sense of the Modern Economy: The Economist

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Economics: Making sense of the Modern Economy: The Economist


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Product details

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Audible Audiobook

Listening Length: 12 hours and 50 minutes

Program Type: Audiobook

Version: Unabridged

Publisher: Audible Studios

Audible.com Release Date: August 6, 2013

Language: English, English

ASIN: B00E42F9XI

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

The content is elementary, surprising considering the source is The Economist, a well-respected quality publisher. Most topics do not include sufficient detail.

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